Internet Technology

Definition of Network : A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices & transmission media allowing computers to share resources.

Definition of Communication Device : Hardware components that enables a computer to send and receive data, instruction, information to and from one or more computers.

Definition of Transmission Media : The type of physical system used to carry a communication signal from one system to another.

Advantages of Network : 

• Hardware sharing - network facilitate the sharing of hardware device such as printer, plotters and modem
• Data sharing - enable many people to access and share the same data such as database & group software development
• Connectivity & Communication : Network connect computers and the users of those computers
• Internet access sharing - small computer networks allow multiple users to share a single Internet connection.

Disadvantages of Network :

• Undesirable sharing - viruses are easily spread over network and the internet
• Data security Concerns - unauthorized access and sabotage
• Security issues - a computer hacker can get unauthorized access by using different tools
• Expense/cost - expert support needed.

Types of Network Architecture 

i) Peer-to-peer

Definition : a network model in which all computer can function as clients or server as needed, and there's no centralized control over network resources.

Example : A computer can act as a server by sharing a printer it's connected to and at the same time act as client by accessing a file shared by another computer on the network.

Advantages of a Peer-to-peer network :

• Less startup cost to setup the network architecture
• Easy to install and configure for the computers in the network
• When a peer fails it will not affect other peers so the network is reliable 

 Disadvantages of a peer-to-peer network :

• Decentralized
• Less security
• Every user is taking care is his/her own machine

 ii)  Client-Server Network

Definition : Network in which one powerful computer coordinates and supplies services to all nodes on a network.

Advantages of Client-server network :

• Centralized
• Scalability
• Better management files
• Accessibility

Disadvantages Of Client-Server network :

• Expense
• Maintenance
• Dependence 

Types of Network Topology 

A network topology refers to : The layout of the computers and devices in a communication network.

3 basic types of network topology :

i) Star Network - All the computers and other devices on the network connect to a central devices, thus forming a star.

ii) Bus Network - Consists of a single central cable, to which all computers and other devices connect.

iii) Ring Network - on a ring network, a cable forms a closed loop with all computer and devices arranged along the ring.

Topic 1 : Introduction to Information Technology

Define Information Technology (IT) : 

• Information Technology (IT) is the use of computer hardware & software to store, retrieve, & manipulate information. 

Advantages (IT) : 

• To Efficiently and effectively access and search for information via the Internet, Improves communication through communication technology, Improves data storage & file management

Disadvantages (IT) : 

• Reduce job opportunity, Security breaches, Health risks

The applications of IT :

•  Education : Learning management system, library loan system, online tuition, educational sofware, E-learning Web sites, E-test. 
• Finance/banking : Online banking, electronic payment system, Finance investment system, online investing system. 
• Health care : Surgery simulation, health care websites, telepharmacy, telemedicine, telesurgery. 
• Science : Capsule endocopy system, cochlear implants, electrodes implant, cardiac pacemaker implant, neural network, virtual reality. 
• Travel : Global positioning system, car navigation system, booking system, E-ticketing system. 
• Government : e-Filing, e-penyata gaji dan laporan, UPU online, E-syariah. 
• Manufacturing : Computer-aided manufacturing, computer-aided design, barcode system. 
• Publishing : Online photo printing, online card printing.

 

Categories of computers include :

• Supercomputers: - Full room of equipment, the fastest & most powerful type of computer with thousands of processors capable of processing trillions of instruction per second. highest storage capacity that can store complex & sophisticated applications, & can store more than 20,000 times the data & information of an average dekstop computer. 

 

• Mainframes : Partial room to a full room of equipment, a large & powerful computer that can process millions of instruction per second and handle thousands of connected computers. larger storage capacity that can store data, instruction & information for business applications & activities. 

 

 

• Personal computer : small computer from dekstop to laptop computer that fits on a desk or fits on your lap. a computer based on a microprocessor designed for individuals and bussiness, capable to provide computing power for home & office environment. Storage capacity ranges from GB to TB that can store home & office software.

 

 

•  Mobile computer : Computers that are designed to be carried around easily about the size of a paper notebook to fit in one hand. a computer based on a microprocessor designed for individuals and bussiness, capable to provide computing power for home & office environment. Storage capacity ranges from GB to TB that can store home & office software.

 

 

•  Mobile Devices : Very small communication device. a computer based on a microprocessor that contain built-in computing or internet capabilities. storage up to GB that can store mobile applications. 

• Embedded computers : A tine computer embedded into a product. Tiny specialized microprocessors installed in smart appliances & automobiles. storage capacity normally in KB

Topic 1 : Introduction to Information Technology

Define Information Technology (IT) : 

• Information Technology (IT) is the use of computer hardware & software to store, retrieve, & manipulate information.

Advantages (IT) : 

• To Efficiently and effectively access and search for information via the Internet, Improves communication through communication technology, Improves data storage & file management

Disadvantages (IT) : 

• Reduce job opportunity, Security breaches, Health risks

The applications of IT :

•  Education : Learning management system, library loan system, online tuition, educational sofware, E-learning Web sites, E-test. 
• Finance/banking : Online banking, electronic payment system, Finance investment system, online investing system. 
• Health care : Surgery simulation, health care websites, telepharmacy, telemedicine, telesurgery. 
• Science : Capsule endocopy system, cochlear implants, electrodes implant, cardiac pacemaker implant, neural network, virtual reality. 
• Travel : Global positioning system, car navigation system, booking system, E-ticketing system. 
• Government : e-Filing, e-penyata gaji dan laporan, UPU online, E-syariah. 
• Manufacturing : Computer-aided manufacturing, computer-aided design, barcode system. 
• Publishing : Online photo printing, online card printing.

Categories of computers include :

• Supercomputers: - Full room of equipment, the fastest & most powerful type of computer with thousands of processors capable of processing trillions of instruction per second. highest storage capacity that can store complex & sophisticated applications, & can store more than 20,000 times the data & information of an average dekstop computer. 
• Mainframes : Partial room to a full room of equipment, a large & powerful computer that can process millions of instruction per second and handle thousands of connected computers. larger storage capacity that can store data, instruction & information for business applications & activities. 
• Personal computer : small computer from dekstop to laptop computer that fits on a desk or fits on your lap. a computer based on a microprocessor designed for individuals and bussiness, capable to provide computing power for home & office environment. Storage capacity ranges from GB to TB that can store home & office software.
•  Mobile computer : Computers that are designed to be carried around easily about the size of a paper notebook to fit in one hand. a computer based on a microprocessor designed for individuals and bussiness, capable to provide computing power for home & office environment. Storage capacity ranges from GB to TB that can store home & office software.
•  Mobile Devices : Very small communication device. a computer based on a microprocessor that contain built-in computing or internet capabilities. storage up to GB that can store mobile applications. 
• Embedded computers : A tine computer embedded into a product. Tiny specialized microprocessors installed in smart appliances & automobiles. storage capacity normally in KB

Title 1 Computer Science : THE APPLICATIONS OF IT

TOPIC 1 :

                                   INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

DEFINE :

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) IS THE USE OF COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE TO STORE, RETRIEVE, AND MANIPULATE INFORMATION.

 

  LO: IT APPLICATIONS IN EDUCATION

•    Learning management system- Software used for administering online assignments, schedules, examination and grades. e.g : blackboard learning management system, Moodle learning management system

• Library loan system  -Assist the search process of reading materials in the library collection. Borrowing books online

• Online tuition-Online tutoring is the process of tutoring in an online, virtual environment or networked environment in which teachers and learners are seperated by time and space.

• Educational software-Application software that teaches a particular skill such as mathematics, physic, chemistry, etc. 

LO : IT APPLICATIONS IN FINANCE / BANKING
 

• Online banking-Performing banking activities such as access account balances, pay bills, and print monthly transactions via the Web such asMaybank2u, Cimb Clicks.      

• Electronic payment system -A payment service accessed via the Internet and used to make electronic payments to others, such as via deposited funds, a bank accounr, or a credit card: eg. e-pay, MEPS  

• Finance investment system-Buying and selling stocks or other types of investments via the web such as Aminvestment.      

• Online investing system-Investors buy and sell stocks and bonds without using a broker. With online investing, the transactions fee for each trade usually is much less than when trading through a broke. Eg: Plus500, GCI Financial     

LO : IT APPLICATIONS IN SCIENCE

• Capsule Endoscopy system-A capsule fitted with a disposable mini video camera can examine parts of the small intestine that standard scope can't reach. The video data transmitted and stored in a recorder worn on a belt, and is later downloaded to a computer that the doctor can study. E.g: Olympus ENDOCAPSULE 10 system

• Cochlear implants-Embedded computers imitate functions of cochlea of the ear and allow a deaf person to listen

•  Electrodes implant-Electrodes implanted in the brain stop tremors associated with Parkinson's disease.

•  Cardiac pacemaker implant-An electronic devices that is used to regulate the heart rate by transmitting electrical impulses to stimulate the heart when it it beating too slowly.  

• Neural network-A system that attempt to imitate the behavior of human brain.

• Virtual reality -Computer use to stimulate a real or imagined environment that appears as 3 dimensional space.